Moneta's Temple and Gallery

Tetricus I - Fides Militum

Moneta — Mon, 20 Mar 2023 12:08:26 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Tetricus I (271 - 274 A.D.); IMP TETRCVS AVG. Reverse: FIDES MILITVM. RIC V.1# 71, VM# 3, C.40. Nice Portrait, obsured reverse. 19mm 2.25g VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Victorinus - FIDES MILITVM

Moneta — Sat, 18 Mar 2023 09:57:33 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Victorinus (269 -271 A.D.) with scarce obverse legend: IMP C PIA V VICTORINVS PF AVG. Reverse: Fides standing, facing, holds a military standard in each hand; FIDES MILITVM. 19.9mm at 3.2 g. VF+; RIC 109, VM# 6, C.36 VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus with Bow, Club and Quiver

Moneta — Sat, 02 Jun 2018 15:24:57 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Postumus, antoninianus, Cologne, 268 A / IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG Radiate right bust, draped and curaissed, seen from three quarters forward R / TR P VIIII COS IIII PP Bow, club and round quiver. RR, Billon, 19.8 mm, 3.38 g 7 hrs. RIC.291; Cunetio 2448 Reverse with round or cylindrical quiver, rarer variety than the one with the quiver only. This coin is not physically in the Moneta Museum.

Postumus with Kneeling Woman

Moneta — Sat, 02 Jun 2018 15:19:58 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Postumus, antoninianus, Cologne, 268 A / IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG Radiate right bust, draped and curaissed, seen three-quarters forward R / REST ORBIS The Emperor on the right, with a scepter, lifting a woman, turreted and kneeling in front, she's holding a cornucopia. R, Billon, 20.7 mm 3.43 g, 7 hrs. RIC.324 E.592 Rare antoninianus, with the reverse almost superb and still retains its original brilliance under a slight patina. This coin is not physically in the Moneta Museum.

Postumus, Portrait Left! Jupiter

Moneta — Sat, 02 Jun 2018 15:13:56 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Postum, Antoninianus, Trier, 268 A / POSTVMVS - AVG Bust radiate left, in Hercules, with léonté on the left shoulder and holding the club of the right hand R / IOVI - S - TATORI Jupiter standing from the front holding a lightning and a long scepter. RR, Billon, 20.0 mm, 2.77 g, 12 hr RIC.310; E.562 Cunetio - Very rare Antoninian with a bust of the emperor LEFT and Hercules right, armed with the club. Very Rare - this is coin is not in the Museum physically.

Postumus - Virtus

Moneta — Mon, 12 Mar 2018 18:59:06 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Billon Antoninianus - Trier mint, struck in 262 A.D. Obverse: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right. Rx: VIRTVS AVG, Virtus or Mars standing right holding spear and resting on shield. RIC 93; AGK 102; RSC 419A. 22.12 mm; 3.83 g, 7h VF VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Tetricus I - Salus

Moneta — Sun, 12 Nov 2017 16:04:53 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Antoninianus of 270 - 273 A.D. of the Gallic Empire depicting Tetricus I and Salus (healer). OB: IMP TETRI (CVS P.F.) AVG Rx: SALVS AVG, Salus holding/feeding snake arising from altar. There appears to be a small figure at the feet of Salus. RIC 123 VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus with SOL

Moneta — Sun, 22 Jan 2017 15:56:31 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Roman Imperial AE Antoninianus of the Gallic Empire of Postumus (259 - 268 A.D) Cologne, Germania mint. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG, radiate and draped bust right. Rx: PACATOR ORBIS, radiate head of SOL right. Ex. Tom Cederlind, ex Civitas sale. RIC V 317; RSC IV 214a; Sharp EF, sm flan crack. An iconic coin for the Gallic Empire that rarely comes up for sale. The year 260 was among the worst in Roman history. The crises that arose were so numerous and widespread that the Roman state appeared on the brink of extinction. The capture of the senior emperor Valerian I and his army in the East was disturbing enough, yet it caused a general panic that encouraged the Sasanians and invited barbarian invasions across the northern frontier. These terrifying incursions sparked revolts in the East under Macrinus and Quietus, in the Balkans under Inge- nuus and Regalianus, and in the West by the issuer of this coin, a gifted commander named Postumus. Though Postumus’ revolt wounded the pride of the Roman state, it perhaps did more to preserve the Roman way of life in the Western provinces than Gallienus would have been prepared to admit. At a time when the central emperor found it impossible to devote enough time or resources for the far-flung regions of Britain, Spain, Gaul and the two Germanies, a local and energetic commander proved more effective in protecting Roman interests. Frankish soldiers crossed the Rhine in astonishing num- bers, devastating areas of Gaul, Lower Germany and Belgica, with some making it as far south as Spain and, eventually, Nor- th Africa. The Alamanni penetrated into Upper Germany and the Raetian limes, flooding into the Agri Decumates and Gaul, and even raiding the Swiss plateau. Even Italy was not spared: after suppressing the revolt of Ingenuus in the Balkans, Gallienus sped back to northern Italy in the summer of 260 to defeat the Alamanni at the battle of Milan. Meanwhile, Postumus battled invaders further west on behalf of his emperor. The Historia Augusta describes him as Transrhenani limitis dux et Galliae praeses and Aurelius Victor reports that barbaris per Galliam praesidebat; he may have been a commander or a governor of one of the Germanies, and he usually is thought to have been the governor of Lower Germany. In the fall of 260, Postumus appears to have defeated barba- rians who were returning home with their booty, which Postumus then distributed among his men. When the praetorian prefect Silvanus and the Caesar Saloninus demanded that the booty be delivered to them, it caused some of the Rhine legions to declare Postumus their emperor. Postumus then besieged Saloninus and Silvanus in Cologne, which soon capitulated. Its leaders handed over Saloninus (who only recently had been hailed emperor) and his prefect for execution. In this early period and, indeed, throughout his reign, Postumus found much success fighting German invaders. This bronze, which bears the image of Victory advancing over a bound German captive, celebrates Postumus’ early success against the Germans, for which he had assumed the title Germanicus Maximus by December of 261. [Numismatica Ars Classica] For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Roman Hoard in an Oil Lamp

Moneta — Fri, 15 Apr 2016 19:13:00 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: I acquired this supposed (see below) cache of Gallic Empire coins, found in an encrusted oil lamp, maybe ten years ago. I packed it away knowing the coins looked like Postumus era pieces. Finding it again and taking a closer look, all of the coins are Victorinus (16) or Tetricus I (7). So all 23 coins fall between 268 - 273 AD. I think most hoards fall within a rather narrow time frame, but it would seem to me that five years is very narrow and the area of use of these was not Empire wide. There are some unknowns concerning the mint but Vienna is probably at the top of the list, with Cologne another possibility. The reverse varieties run the full spectrum of those listed in the references, so that's a nice plus but all have some verdigris. I've been told this is a Byzantine style lamp but the coins inside would tend to indicate otherwise. Underneath the loose crusted exterior dirt you can clearly see soot around the wick hole. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Saloninus - Spes

Moneta — Sat, 03 Oct 2015 16:07:53 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Saloninus was given the rank of Caesar upon the death of his older brother Valerian II. He was sent to the German frontier in 260 A.D. (date of this coin) where he quarreled with Postumus over the disposition of some booty taken from the Germans. When Valerian was captured, Postumus seized the opportunity to have himself declared emperor by the troops. Thereafter he invaded Cologne where Saloninus had his headquarters. In response the garrison elevated Saloninus to the rank of Augustus. Shortly the garrison surrendered and Saloninus was put to death by Postumus. OB: SALON VALERIANVS HOB CAES; radiate and draped bust, r. ; RX; SPES PVBLICA, Spes presenting flower to Saloninus with star in field above. RIC 127, 36; C95. Sharp XF, billon silver. Scarce type! For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Victorinus Ant. - Aequitas

Moneta — Sun, 22 Mar 2015 12:24:38 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Romano-Gallic (or Gallic) Empire (struck 269 A.D.) AE Antoninianus of Marcus Piavvonius Victorinus. First issue that even has a Marius style portrait. OB: IMP C PI VICTORINVS AVG, this is a different obverse legend than listed in Sear or Van Meter. Rx: AEQVITAS, Equity standing left holding double pan scales and a cornucopia. RIC 41, S3062. 3.17 g; 19.5mm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Providentia

Moneta — Sun, 26 Oct 2014 16:08:44 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire - OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: PROVIDENTIA AVG; Providentia standing left holding globe and transverse sceptre. RIC 80 & 323; RSV VI #295, not in Sear. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus greets Legion

Moneta — Sun, 02 Sep 2012 14:18:11 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Probably a double sestertius where the portrait side is nearly entirely obliterated. The reverse is a very scarce type, not in Sear. EXERCITVS AVG; Postumus on horseback salutes four Legionaires holding standards, SC in exergue. Appears in Percy/DeWitt "..Gallic Empire" as #31. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Laelianus - copy

Moneta — Sat, 30 Jun 2012 18:32:57 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Since I'm sure I'll never turn loose of the money to buy an acceptable Laelianus - I present this copy of a Aureus. A similar authentic coin was sold in 2005 for $108K. This coin type was struck in 268 AD. Laelianus held the Gallic Empire for only a few days to a couple on months. All of his coins are extremely rare - so this is a filler. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Tetricus II - Ant. w/Victory

Moneta — Sun, 12 Feb 2012 15:04:42 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Tetricus II (270 - 273 A.D.), last of the Separatist rulers of the Gallic Empire. He was the son of Tetricus I and was given the rank of Caesar at the time of his father's accession. When he abdicated he was spared by Aurelian and spent the remainer of his days as a private citizen. OB: (C PIV ES)V TETRICVS CAES; Rx: appears to be Victory or Spes; legend seen is only ES AV For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf And this on Tetricus II: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Tetricus_II_-_Augustus_or_Caesar.pdf

Postumus - Conjoined Busts

Moneta — Sun, 12 Feb 2012 11:44:35 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: This appears to be ancient but of a suspicious nature. This "coin", were it to be an original type, would be a gold aureus, and extremely valuable. However, traditional aureus strikes are known to exist in off-metal strikes, such as this bronze. This specimen has a thick black patina that is hiding fine detail and has been chipped and worn off at the high spots. This type, listed in J.De Witte's book on the coins of the Gallic Empire [#35], shows Postumus and Hercules on the obverse and Felicitas and Victory on the reverse. B. Schulte lists this type as Numbers 108-110 (Plate 9). Listed here as just a Gallic Empire related item. This item was traded to Sondermann in Germany, he thought it probably was a imitation from several hundred year ago [Padua]. I'm seeking comment, below. OB: POSTVMVS PIVS FELIX AVG Rx: FELICITAS AVG about 20 mm and 4.63 gm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Laelianus - Victory Antoninianus

Moneta — Fri, 10 Feb 2012 09:12:29 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Laelianus (269AD), Gallic usurper AE antoninianus- 2.6 gm, Moguntiacum or Treveri mint. OB: IMP C LAELIANVS P F AVG, radiate and cuirassed bust right Rx: VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing right holding wreath in right hand, palm branch over left shoulder. This was 'snagged' from the web, it's not in the Moneta Museum. These are very scarce as this usurper is said to have had coinage 'authority' for only a few days or months. RIC 9; RI2958 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Fides

Moneta — Sun, 12 Jun 2011 15:42:27 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Antoninianus - FOR SALE $38, delivered. This is the first coin offered for sale from this site, occasionally even Museums have a basement sale. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: FIDES MILITVM (mostly obscured); Fides standing l., holding two standards. Original surfaces. ~VF. S3010, RIC59, C67. Contact: moneta@moneta-coins.com For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Father Rhine River

Moneta — Wed, 15 Jul 2009 19:46:00 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. S 3130; RIC van Meter #64; refers to the defeat of a German invasion. Scarce! This is my second example in the Museum and it's in much better shape. Even this rare issue (the only Roman coin depicting the personification of the Rhine River?) indicates that various portrait types can be found with this reverse, this seems scarcer and looks more like someone else. Please see my other example. The Rhine river was the general location of the Limes, the fortified border wall between Gaul and Germania. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Victorinus - Salus

Moneta — Sat, 10 Jan 2009 11:52:08 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: A second example of this antoninianus that has traces of silvering in evidence. OB: IMP C VICTORINVS PF AVG; radiate , cuirassed bust right. RX: SALVS AVG; Salus, std r., feeding snake S 3169 (S3069); C112; RIC 67 Marcus Piavonius Victorinus was emperor of the secessionist Gallic Empire from 268 to 270 or 271, following the brief reign of Marius. Victorinus, born into an affluent family, served in the Roman Army as a tribunus praetorianorum under Postumus, the first of the so-called Gallic emperors. Victorinus held the aforementioned title in 266/267, and was co-consul with Postumus in 267 or 268. After the death of Marius, Victorinus was hailed emperor by the troops located at Augusta Treverorum (Trier, Germany), and he was recognized by the provinces of Gaul and Britain, but not Spain, which reunited with the Roman Empire. Victorinus was murdered in 270 or early 271 by Attitianus, one of his officers, whose wife Victorinus had supposedly seduced. Victorinus' mother, Victoria (sometimes Vitruvia), continued to hold power after the death of Victorinus and she arranged for his deification and, after considerable payment to the troops, the appointment of Tetricus I as his successor. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Mercury

Moneta — Thu, 15 May 2008 23:00:32 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Antoninianus of Postumus. This has a scarce reverse depicting Mercury. OB: IMP POSTVMVS P F AVG; Radiate bust r. RX: MERCVRIO FELICI; Mercury, half naked stg. facing, looking r., holds cadeusus and another object. RSC 192, RIC 313. VF w/glancing strike. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Pietas

Moneta — Thu, 15 May 2008 22:30:31 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Postumus Antoninianas with PIETAS reverse. Gallic Empire, sometimes called the Gallo-Roman Empire was established by Postumus and he was the separatist emperor of it between 259 - 268 A.D. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate bust draped r. RX: PIETAS AVG; Pietas stg. l. between two children, another two children in her arms. This is a scarcer issue. RSC 230, RIC 320. Low grade silver: 2.86 gm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Serapi

Moneta — Sun, 02 Mar 2008 18:24:14 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Postumus - Gallic Empire (Romano-Gallic); 259 - 268 A.D.; Silver Antoninianus. Ob: IMP.C.POSTVMVS P.F.AVG.; Radiate bust draped and cuirassed r. Rx: SERAPI COMIT AVG. (sometimes SARAPI or SARAPIDI); Serapis standing left holding sceptre and raising right hand, in lower background a vessel (I don't see it). VF+. RSC 358; R.I.C. 329; 4.09 gm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Uberitas

Moneta — Fri, 30 Mar 2007 14:52:27 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire - Obv: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Postumus facing right. Rx: VBERITAS AVG; Uberitas standing left holding purse and cornucopiae. Uberitas was the goddess of fertility. The cornucopia (from Latin cornu copiae) or horn of plenty is a symbol of abundance and nourishment, commonly a large horn-shaped container overflowing with produce, flowers, nuts, other edibles, or wealth in some form. Originating in classical antiquity, it has continued as a symbol in Western art, and it is particularly associated with the Thanksgiving holiday in North America. The cornucopia became the attribute of several Greek and Roman deities, particularly those associated with the harvest, prosperity, or spiritual abundance, such as personifications of Earth (Gaia or Terra); the child Plutus, god of riches and son of the grain goddess Demeter; the nymph Maia; and Fortuna, the goddess of luck, who had the power to grant prosperity. In Roman Imperial cult, abstract Roman deities who fostered peace (pax Romana) and prosperity were also depicted with a cornucopia, including Abundantia, "Abundance" personified, and Annona, goddess of the grain supply to the city of Rome. Pluto, the classical ruler of the underworld in the mystery religions, was a giver of agricultural, mineral and spiritual wealth, and in art often holds a cornucopia to distinguish him from the gloomier Hades, who holds a drinking horn instead. Well defined obverse and a weak reverse as is common on the coins of Postumus. S3031A, RIC 330, RSC IV 365 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus, Moneta - Double Sestertius

Moneta — Sun, 16 Jul 2006 12:58:43 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Postumus - Gallic Empire (260-269 A.D.). See a more complete history under my Sesterius examples. This appears to be a scarce & small AE Double Sestertius (radiate crown), not in most references. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS PIVS F AVG; Radiate, cuirassed and draped bust right (Nice Portrait!). RX: MONETA AVG; Moneta standing l. holding double pan scales and cornucopia. J. De Witte #166. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

3 comments

Postumus - Victory Sestertius

Moneta — Sun, 16 Jul 2006 12:42:56 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: See my (Moneta) description on one of the sesterius coins in the Gallery. OB: IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG (largely illegible), laureate bust r.; RX: VICTORIA AVG; Victory advancing l. holding wreath and palm leaf, captive at feet (here unseen). Oricalcum (brass) sestertius. Attribution for Postumus can be tricky. See J. De Witte "Atlas of Ancient Coins struck by the Emperors of the Gallic Empire" # 315. VM 92, 13.7 gm, 29 mm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus, Galley Sesterius

Moneta — Sun, 16 Jul 2006 12:16:59 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Marcus Cassianus Latinius Postumus, A.D. 260-269. Taking advantage of several revolts in the Empire and a quarrel with Soloninus, the son Gallienus, Postumus led a successful campaign to establish a separatist Romano-Gallic Empire in Gaul & and Spain. There was a govenment established that functioned like the model in Rome and the "Gallic Empire" may be considered the first Western type government in Europe. Infighting soon occured and the 15 year empire had a succession of 6 rulers, some very short, before they were defeated in A.D. 274. OB: IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right. RX: LAETITIA AVG; Galley right. RIC143, VM83, S3042/3142, C179. 2nd Example, this one with a poor obverse but an exceptionally strong reverse. 19.8 gm, 33 mm. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus Dbl. Ses. - Galley

Moneta — Sun, 16 Jul 2006 12:05:11 -0700

by: Moneta

Description: Marcus Cassianus Latinius Postumus, A.D. 260-269. Taking advantage of several revolts in the Empire and a quarrel with Soloninus, the son Gallienus, Postumus led a successful campaign to establish a separatist Romano-Gallic Empire in Gaul & Spain. There was a government established that functioned like the model in Rome and the "Gallic Empire" may be considered the first Western type government in northern Europe. Infighting soon occurred and with the 15 year empire it had a succession of 6 rulers, some very short, before they were defeated in A.D. 274. OB: IMP C M CASS LAT POSTVMVS P F AVG; radiate, draped & cuirassed bust right. RX: LAETITIA (too weak to see); AVG; Galley right. RIC143, VM83, S3042/3142, C179. Very nice portrait, exceptional condition except for weakness on the reverse, pale green patina. 25.3 gm, 33 mm For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

1 comment

Postumus, Neptune

Moneta — Sun, 01 Jan 2006 19:15:32 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. (Marcus Cassianus Latinus Postumus) founder of the Romao-Gallic Empire in Gaul; perhaps the first unified government in Europe. He copied the true Roman model and had a Senate and other characteristics of Roman rule. This issue seems to allude to a return of Postumus from a trip to Britain. RX: NEPTVNO REDVCI. Van Meter says the object in the r. background is a ships prow. This example may be a variation. RSC IV says Neptune has a mantle behind the l. arm; neither Sear or Van Meter mentions the trident held in the r. hand. S3117; C205; RIC 76. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

1 comment

Victorinus, Salus

Moneta — Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:37:47 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: OB: IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; Rx: SALVS AVG; Salus standing left, feeding serpent arising from an altar. S3170; C118; RIC 71 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Victorinus, Salus

Moneta — Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:36:06 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: OB: IMP C VICTORINVS P F AVG; Rx: SALVS AVG; Salus standing right, feeding serpent held in arms. S 3169 (S3069); C112; RIC 67 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Victorinus, Sol

Moneta — Sun, 01 Jan 2006 18:28:19 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: OB: IMP VICTORINVS P F AVG; Rx: INVICTVS; Sol advancing left, holding whip. A wonderful EF+ example that has a proof-like surface on a hint of overall silvering. Victorinus succeeded Marius to the throne. During his two years there he witnessed the seceeding of Spain from the Gallic Empire and was victorious in a 7 month siege at Augustodunum. He was murdered by one of his own officers at Cologne. S3165; C49; RIC 114. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

1 comment

Tetricus I - Virtus

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 18:46:14 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: OB: IMP C TETRICVS P F; Rx: VIRTVS AVGG, Virtus standing left leaning on shield and holding spear. Gallic Empire. C. Pius Esuvius Tetricus. At the death of Victorinus he was elevated to the throne with the help of Victoria, the mother of Victorinus. The Gallo-Roman Empire declined under his rule and when Aurelian invaded Gaul he abdicated and spent the rest of his life as an honored citizen of Rome. RIC 148; S3083 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

2 comments

Postumus - Victory

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 13:18:45 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: VICTORIA AVG, Victory advancing left, captive at her feet. RSC IV 377; S3132 (3032); RIC 89; RIC van Meter #71. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

1 comment

Postumus - Rhine River

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 13:15:55 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: SALVS PROVINCIARVM; the personification of the Rhine River reclining left, resting right hand on the forepart of a boat. S 3130; RIC van Meter #64; refers to the defeat of a German invasion across the Rhine river. Scarce! For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Salus Aesculapius

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 13:03:12 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG: RX: SALVS AVG; Aesculapius stands facing with head left, hand holding a serpent wreathed rod. RSC IV 336; RIC 86 & 326; S3127; RIC van Meter #60. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Emperor w/ Globe

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:54:06 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: SAECVLI FELICITAS; Emperor Postumus standing right holding a spear and globe. RSC IV 331; S 3025; RIC 83; RIC van Meter #58. This one shows a cut w/extended piece, like someone was caught clipping the edge. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Pax

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:44:43 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG: Rx: PAX AVG; Pax (Peace) of a second variety; walking left rather than standing. RIC Van Meter # 38. RSC IV # 220. Not listed in Sear. Pax was the Roman goddess of peace, carried over from the Greek goddess Eirene. She was the daughter of Jupiter (Zeus) and Justitia (Themis), the goddess of justice and order. Although sources have conflicting dates, one of the dates listed is January 3 as being when the Festival of Pax was celebrated. Celebrated as Pax Romana and Pax Augusta, she was celebrated since the 2nd century BC. Pax, herself, is portrayed on coins in several guises. Sometimes she is shown with an olive branch raised in one hand and holding a cornucopia in the other. Also, she might be shown leaning on a column. Other times she is setting fire to a pile of arms. Pax is also known as the goddess of security, holding a caduceus and grain stalk, or holding a scepter over a tripod. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Pax Standing

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:39:23 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: PAX AVG; Pax standing left. RSC IV 215; Van Meter 37. Pax was the Roman goddess of peace, carried over from the Greek goddess Eirene. She was the daughter of Jupiter (Zeus) and Justitia (Themis), the goddess of justice and order. Although sources have conflicting dates, one of the dates listed is January 3 as being when the Festival of Pax was celebrated. Celebrated as Pax Romana and Pax Augusta, she was celebrated since the 2nd century BC. Pax, herself, is portrayed on coins in several guises. Sometimes she is shown with an olive branch raised in one hand and holding a cornucopia in the other. Also, she might be shown leaning on a column. Other times she is setting fire to a pile of arms. Pax is also known as the goddess of security, holding a caduceus and grain stalk, or holding a scepter over a tripod. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Sol

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:32:21 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: ORIENS AVG; Sol walking left holding whip with right hand raised. RSC IV 213; S3118. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Moneta

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:25:29 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire; OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: MONETA AVG; Juno Moneta (goddess of the mint) standing left holding double pan balance scale. perhaps the most common reverse type for Postumus - celebrating his superb use of the mint and a wonderful variety of reverse types for propaganda. RSC VI#199; RIC 75 & 315; RIC Van Meter # 32. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Minerva

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:18:46 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS PF AVG; Rx: MINE R FAVTR; (Minerva Fautrix = Minerva the patroness); Minerva running left holding branch, spear and shield RSCIV 195; RIC 74; S3115. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Laetitia Galley

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:13:26 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: LAETITIA AVG (in exergue); oared Galley to the left with rowers (3-5) and a pilot. RSC IV 167; S3014. RIC #28. Some types show the galley under sail, I'm looking for one... For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Jupiter

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:09:00 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire, another example of Jupiter Stator. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: IOVI STATORI; Jupiter facing, standing naked, looking right. RSC IV 159. RIC 309; Van Meter#26. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Jupiter

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 12:04:55 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. Dark patina. Another example of Jupiter Stator. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: IOVI STATORI; Jupiter facing, standing naked, looking right. RSC IV 159. RIC 309; Van Meter#26.RSC IV 159; VF-/VF+. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Hercules

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 11:52:52 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG: Rx: HERC PACIFERO; Hercules standing left holding olive branch, club and lion's skin. RSC IV 101 (Cohen 101); A second, larger and heavier example than the other one in the Museum. Good silver and probably an early strike. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Hercules

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 11:48:03 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG: Rx: HERC PACIFERO; Hercules standing left holding olive branch, club and lion's skin. RSC IV 101 (Cohen 101); RSC IV 101; S3012 For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Hercules DEVONIENSI

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 11:33:53 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: HERC DEVONIENSI; Hercules standing right, leaning on club, holding bow and lion's skin; legend refers to the Hercules of Deuso, a town in Gaul where Postumus may have been born or elevated. Good VF w/traces of copper in the silver. RSC IV 91a; DVM 17; C91. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Fortuna

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 11:24:48 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: FORTVNA AVG; Fortuna standing left holding anchor and cornucopia. EF example. References do not mention the rudder or cornucopia. RIC 60; RSC IV 80; Van Meter #14. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf

Postumus - Fides Militum

Moneta — Sat, 31 Dec 2005 11:02:29 -0800

by: Moneta

Description: Gallic Empire. OB: IMP C POSTVMVS P F AVG; Rx: FIDES MILITVM; Fides standing left holding two military ensigns or standards. RSC-VI# 67, S3010, RIC van Meter #13. For a brief History of the Gallic Empire in the Moneta Library: VIEW & DOWNLOAD: Gallic Empire by Percy Webb at this: https://groups.io/g/Moneta/files/Moneta%20Library/Gallic%20Empire.pdf